Ayumed

The initial research proposal draft lacks precision and a detailed methodology. Furthermore, distinctions between diagnostic criteria and assessment criteria (where applicable) or outcome measures are often not explicitly articulated, and the designs tend to be flawed. Consequently, relevant data for these aspects is not collected, despite the scholars’ sincere efforts. Scholars often exhibit insufficient understanding of how to translate their chosen research area into financial rewards, ignorance of the impact their research could have in updating existing knowledge, and sometimes apathy arising from a casual attitude. The proposal stage, which is the most crucial, is not taken seriously. Once the proposal passes through the scientific committee, institutional review board, and ethics committee, there is no scope for further modification or refinement of methods and design.

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